2022-01-03 15:25:48
Поиск помощи при расстройствах пищевого поведения у мужчин
В свеженьком систематическом обзоре авторы обобщили барьеры, с которыми сталкиваются мужчины при поиске помощи при расстройствах пищевого поведения (РПП).
Индивидуальный уровень–
Delayed Self-Recognition (неспособность мужчин распознавать свой опыт и поведение как часть РПП и признавать такой опыт и поведение как проблемные): “I didn’t know men could get EDs. I didn’t know the symptoms, didn’t know anything, it was just, to me it was just happening. I didn’t really know what was going on”
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Internalized Stigma and Shame (быть мужчиной и иметь РПП – стыдно): “I felt I’m the only guy in the world that this has happened to. It can be quite an isolating thought, as well as ‘no other guys have had this problem”
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Fear of Others’ Responses (страх исключения, быть непонятым): “Participants worried that if they told people that they had an ED that others would judge them, not understand, laugh or shun them. Some also worried that loved ones would blame themselves”
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Knowledge Gaps (неуверенность в том, как и куда обращаться за помощью): “I did start googling it and I came across (um) eventually on Facebook the ‘Men have EDs too’, and there was a couple of other websites that I looked at. But there’s still in my opinion no real information of what you do or where you go”
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Ambivalence About Change (у РПП есть определенная цель, РПП помогает справиться с конфликтом идентичности и принять себя): “Absolutely I knew that it was creating problems at the time. It was just very difficult because you know at the same time you know I can’t live without it ‘cos I wouldn’t be able to cope, so that it was very much a conflict”
Окружающая среда –
Delayed Social Recognition (мисинтерпретация окружающими – например, РПП – личный выбор, скрытая депрессия, стресс): “Many first presented late in their illness trajectory when their ED had become well established and less tractable to treatment”
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Unhelpful Responses From Others (будь ж мужиком!): “males with EDs reported that they were more frequently stigmatized as being less of a man than women were stigmatized as being less of a woman”
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Practical Issues (локация сервисов, время на дорогу, финансовые составляющие): “Thirty-six percent of athletes believed that getting help would be too costly, and this would also strongly influence their decision to seek help”
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Limited Social Support (низкий уровень поддержки от окружающих): “Even when men had made the decision to seek help, commonly someone else, typically their mother, took them to the first appointment”
Организационные факторы –
Feminized Services and Information (многая доступная информация написана об опыте женщин): “All the books are directed at women which is even more ‘this shouldn’t be affecting me. This is not something I should have a problem with”
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Service Availability (предлагаемые сервисы не соответствуют нуждам и опыту мужчин): “Participant 1 described his first GP contact as ‘very helpful’ but ultimately frustrating because: ‘Her (GP) struggle was that they haven’t got the services to give to you. They want to but they just haven’t got them”
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Waiting Times: “The route to diagnosis could be complex and lengthy, even when men presented late in their illness and were in need of specialist psychiatric services. Men could face a lengthy waiting list, during which time their symptoms escalated further”
Контекстуальные факторы–
ED as a Female “Illness” (РПП – это “женская” болезнь): “Most people are more socially aware than to say ‘but you’re male’ but a lot of people are surprised if you, you know, if you are male with an eating disorder”
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Men Don’t Talk About Problems (нормы маскулинности не приветствуют выражение эмоций и признание проблем со здоровьем): “And I don’t know, I can’t obviously say oh (um) it’s harder for men, but there’s different experiences for men because, you know, ‘No I don’t get ill, I’m a man’. You know, ‘I don’t get ill, don’t need treatment, I don’t have emotions.’ They, which could make it harder for a man to open up about it’.”
368 viewsVlad, 12:25
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