2022-07-08 10:59:01
Sorry. Чтобы не запудрить мозги начинающим, этот пост на английском. Для C2 уровня.
James while John HAD HAD HAD HAD HAD HAD HAD HAD HAD HAD HAD a better effect on the teacher.
...is an English sentence used to demonstrate lexical ambiguity and the necessity of punctuation, which serves as a substitute for the intonation, stress, and pauses found in speech.
The sentence refers to two students, James and John, who are required by an English teacher to describe a man who had suffered from a cold in the past. John writes "The man had a cold", which the teacher marks incorrect, while James writes the correct "The man had had a cold". James's answer, being more grammatical, resulted in a better impression on the teacher.
The sentence is easier to understand with added punctuation and emphasis:
James, while John had had "had," had had "had had"; "had had" had had a better effect on the teacher.
In each of the five "had had" word pairs in the above sentence, the first of the pair is in the past perfect form. The other instances denote emphasis of intonation, focusing on the differences in the students' answers, then finally identifying the correct one.
Alternatively, the sentence can also be read as John's answer being better than James', simply by placing the same punctuation in a different arrangement through the sentence:
James, while John had had "had had," had had "had"; "had had" had had a better effect on the teacher.
The sentence is also used to show the semantic vagueness of the word had, as well as to demonstrate the difference between using a word and mentioning a word.
It has also been used as an example of the complexities of language, its interpretation, and its effects on a person's perceptions.
For the syntactic structure to be clear to a reader, this sentence requires, at a minimum, that the two phrases be separated by using a semicolon, period, en-dash or em-dash.
#pastperfect #времена #had
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